Recent trends and advances in microbial electrochemical sensing technologies: An overview |
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Authors: | Olja Simoska Erin M. Gaffney Shelley D. Minteer Andrea Franzetti Pierangela Cristiani Matteo Grattieri Carlo Santoro |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Rm 2020, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;2. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Building U01, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy;3. Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico – RSE S.p.A., via Rubattino 54, 20134 Milan, Italy;4. Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;5. IPCF-CNR Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy;6. Department of Material Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Building U05, Via Cozzi 55, 20125 Milan, Italy |
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Abstract: | Microbial electrochemical systems utilize the electrochemical interaction between microorganisms and electrode surfaces to convert chemical energy into electrical energy, offering a promise as technologies for wastewater treatment, bioremediation, and biofuel production. Recently, growing research attention has been devoted to the development of microbial electrochemical sensrs as biosensing platforms. Microbial electrochemical sensors are a type of microbial electrochemical technology (MET) capable of sensing through the anodic or the cathodic electroactive microorganisms and/or biofilms. Herein, we review and summarize the recent advances in the design of microbial electrochemical sensing approaches with a specific overview and discussion of anodic and cathodic microbial electrochemical sensor devices, highlighting both the advantages and disadvantages. Particular emphasis is given on the current trends and strategies in the design of low-cost, convenient, efficient, and high performing METs with different biosensing applications, including toxicity monitoring, pathogen detection, corrosion monitoring, as well as measurements of biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and dissolved oxygen. The conclusion provides perspectives and an outlook to understand the shortcomings in the design, development status, and sensing applications of microbial electrochemical platforms. Namely, we discuss key challenges that limit the practical implementation of METs for sensing purposes and deliberate potential solutions, necessary developments, and improvements in the field. |
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Keywords: | Microbial electrochemical sensors Dissolved oxygen BOD measurements Toxicity Pathogen detection |
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