From capacitive deionization to desalination batteries and desalination fuel cells |
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Authors: | Lei Wang Yuan Zhang Karsten Moh Volker Presser |
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Affiliation: | 1. INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany;2. Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Saarland University, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany |
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Abstract: | The considerable growth of the world population, concomitant with an increase in environmental pollution, aggravates the antinomy between supply and demand for drinking water. Various desalination technologies have been developed to address this issue, allowing for abundant saltwater as a source for drinking water. Electrochemical desalination attracts more and more attention due to its high energy efficiency, facile operation, and low cost. Especially within the last decade, tremendous scientific progress on electrochemical desalination technologies has been made. This article reviews the development of electrochemical desalination technologies and introduces a facile classification into three generations based on the different working principles. The cell architecture, metrics, advantages, and disadvantages of other electrochemical desalination technologies are introduced and compared. |
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Keywords: | Electrochemical desalination Desalination batteries Capacitive deionization Metal air desalination |
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