Transient longitudinal strain changes during welding

Experimental measurements are presented to demonstrate the longitudinal strain changes that occur when structural sections are welded. The measurements show that the final deformation in the upset zone can be as much as 35 percent more than the transient deformation on heating. The assumption in the Okerblom analysis that these two deformations are equal is discussed in view of the results.¹ In addition, measured final deformations are compared to those predicted from this same analysis for a wide range of edge-welded rectangular bar sections.