10种蕨类植物叶表皮特征的研究

利用光学显微镜对3科5属10种蕨类植物的叶表皮形态进行了观察和研究.结果表明:(1)它们的叶表皮细胞大多为不规则型,表皮细胞垂周壁均呈深波状;(2)气孔为下生型,多呈椭圆形;共观察到9种气孔器类型(不等细胞型、极细胞型、腋下细胞型、无规则四细胞型、放射状细胞型、聚合极细胞型、横列型、带状细胞型和围绕细胞型),每种植物具有2~6种不同类型的气孔器;(3)根据叶表皮特征,支持姬蕨科与碗蕨科合并,而凤尾蕨科与铁线蕨科单独成科.研究结果为姬蕨科、凤尾蕨科和铁线蕨科植物的系统演化及分类提供科学依据.

Study oncharacteristics of Leaf epidermis of 10 species of Ferns

The leaf epidermal structures of 10 species of ferns (5 genera;3 families) were investigated under light microscope (LM).The results indicated that:(1) Epidermis cells of ferns are mostly irregular,with deep smuate anticlinal walls;(2) The stomatal apparatuses occur in the lower epidermis and most of them are elliptical.In total 9 types of stomatal apparatus are observed in present investigation (Aisocytic type,Polocytic type,Axillocytic type,Anomoteracytic type,Actinocytic type,Copolocytic type,Diacytic type,Desmocytic type,Roundcytic type).Each species possesses 2~6 different types of stomatal apparatus;(3) According to the characters of leaf epidermis,we support that Hypolepidaceae and Dennstaedtiaceae should be combined as one family,but Pteridaceae and Adiantaceae should be separated.The results provide evidences for phylogeny and classification of Hypolepidaceae,Pteridaceae,Adiantaceae.