几种液体金属自由表面的MHD不稳定性实验研究

介绍了在核工业西南物理研究院的液态金属实验回路(LMEL)上获得的几种可供液态偏滤器-限制器系统选用的液体自由表面的磁流体动力学(MHD)效应不稳定性的实验结果。实验发现：自由表面射流在穿越梯度横磁场时射程变短、截面变扁平，但MHD效应稳定，调节射流与磁场的夹角可以控制射流的流动特性；自由表面膜流MHD效应存在三种现象，即层流、溪状流和湍流。层流是由多束射流打到固体表面产生的(简称“射-膜流”)，从MHD效应角度考虑，“射-膜流”将是四种可选液态偏滤器-限制器系统的液体自由表面形式中最佳的选择。同时，探讨了从物理的角度来理解四种自由表面形式的MHD效应的现象。

Experimental investigation on MHD instabilities of free surface jet and film flow for liquid metal divertor/limiter options

The experiments of liquid metal (eutectic alloy NaK) free surface flows, which involve jet and jet-film flows crossing one-dimension gradient magnetic field, are conducted at SWIP LMEL facility and are reported. The objective of this study is to understand the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) features of liquid metal (LM) free surface flows and to supply the options of LM divertor/limiter. It is observed that jet flow is in a stability-shortened and fatten structure, and jet-film flows are in three different structures, or laminar, rivulet and turbulence. In the point of MHD effect, four-type structures of free surface flow are drawn up for the LM divertor/limiter design options; and then a discussion on physics understanding is presented.