激光雨滴谱仪光学设计与分析

用来描述降水粒子数浓度随粒子尺度变化函数的雨滴谱，是降水最基本的微物理特征量，利用雨滴谱信息可以更清楚地认识自然降水的发展演变过程。从雨滴在矩形光束中的相对位置出发，理论分析了不同尺寸条件下矩形光束透射强度随粒径的变化，结果显示矩形光束的透过率与雨滴尺寸具有很好的线性关系；数值模拟了不同粒径、不同降落速度下雨滴在矩形光束中的渡越时间。并指出利用测量的雨滴粒子大小和下落时间就可获得降水类型(毛毛雨、普雨、降雪、降霰、冰雹以及混合型降水)、降水强度、降水量和粒子波谱(在体积波谱上的粒子分布)等信息。

Optical Design and Analysis of Laser Precipitation Monitor

Raindrop spectra describing the variation of precipitation particle concentration with particle size is the most basic micro-physical characteristics parameter. Using the information of raindrop spectra, we’ll have a clearer understanding of the development of natural precipitation process. From the relative position that the raindrop is in the rectangular beam, the variety of transmission intensity of rectangle beam with raindrop size were theoretically analyzed, and the results showed a nice linear relationship. It pointed out that the type of precipitation (drizzle, rain, snow, soft hail, hail as well as mixed precipitation) can be obtained by measuring raindrop size and fall time, and the information can be calculated, such as precipitation intensity, amount of precipitation and particle spectrum distribution.