The muonium bond |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Smart Molecules, Faculty of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan;2. Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan;3. School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan;4. Biomedical Research Institute, AIST, Tsukuba Central 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan;1. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt;3. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;4. Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;5. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt;6. NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy;1. Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;3. The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Strada Costiera 11, Miramare-Trieste, Italy;4. Mathematics and Statistics Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia;5. Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt |
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| Abstract: | Muonium is a light isotope of hydrogen, so light that in strong hydrogen bonds its zero-point energy is close to or above the energy barrier; this favours the formation of symmetrical muonium bonds. In water, muons will exist as Mu(H2O)6+ in contrast to H(H2O)4+; the stability of this species will slow the exchange of Mu and H. With alkenes and alkynes, muons will preferentially form non-classical complexes because of their lower zero-point energy in weak bonds: in liquids, a muon will attach two molecules via a symmetrical muonium bond. |
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