Multivariate optimization of a solid phase microextraction-headspace procedure for the determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes in effluent samples from a waste treatment plant |
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Authors: | Gaujac Alain Emídio Elissandro Soares Navickiene Sandro Ferreira Sérgio Luis Costa Dórea Haroldo Silveira |
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Institution: | Escola Agrotécnica Federal de S?o Cristóv?o, 49100-000 S?o Cristóv?o, SE, Brazil. |
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Abstract: | A method based on solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) has been optimized for the determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) in water released from a waste treatment plant. The extraction step was optimized using fractional factorial and central composite designs including the following experimental factors: saline concentration; extraction time; desorption time; agitation velocity; headspace volume. A multiple function was used to describe the experimental conditions for simultaneous extraction of the compounds. The procedure, based on direct SPME at 50 degrees C, using a polydimethylsiloxane fiber, showed good linearity (r>0.997 over a concentration range 2-200 microg L(-1)) and repeatability (relative standard deviation (RSD)<4.23%) for all compounds, with limits of detection ranging from 0.05 to 0.28 microg L(-1), and limits of quantification ranging from 0.14 to 0.84 microg L(-1). Concentrations of the target compounds in these samples were between 145.8 and 1891 microg L(-1). |
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