利用卫星遥感NO2监测结果分析COVID-19疫情对我国社会经济活动的短期影响

NO2作为一种与市内交通及重化工业产能密切相关的大气污染物，其浓度的变化能直接反映社会经济活动的强弱.利用OMI卫星反演的对流层NO2柱浓度日产品合成的周均值结果，构建了2019年及2020年春节期间的标准化社会经济活动指数的周尺度变化序列.结果显示正常年份春节假期也会对社会经济活动有所抑制，但COVID-19疫情导致节后我国的社会经济活动减弱期延长了2～3周，而社会经济活动强度的最低值降低了0.10.虽然社会经济活动在短期内有明显抑制作用，但随着春节后第三周开始各地复工复产逐步展开，社会经济活动强度稳步上升，节后第7周已达到节前最高水平的60.91%.

The short-term impact estimate of COVID-19 epidemic on social-economic activity of China by using remotely sensed NO2 observations

As an air pollutant highly correlated to urban transport and heavy industry， NO2 could directly reflect the volatility of social-economic activity. The daily tropospheric NO2 column density products during the Chinese New Year periods of 2019 and 2020 were combined to generate the weekly results， which were transferred to a novel index， the standard social-economic index (SSEI). The results showed that the Chinese New Year Holiday could significantly suppress the social-economic activities. Moreover， the COVID-19 made the decrease period of social-economic index prolonged 2-3 weeks. And the lowest value of the SSEI was reduced by 0.10 relative to that of the normal year. However， the social-economic activity was stably increased in the fourth week after the holiday. The SSEI of the seventh week after the holiday had been resumed to 60.91% of the highest value before the holiday.