半导体纳米结构物理性质的理论研究——2004年国家自然科学二等奖获奖项目介绍

半导体纳米结构是纳米材料的一个重要组成部分，纳米结构的电子和光子器件将成为下一代微电子和光电子器件的核心.半导体纳米结构有多种多样，如自组织量子点、纳米晶体、硅团簇、量子结构等，它们可以制成各种纳米电子学器件.根据以上几类半导体纳米结构，文章介绍的获奖项目提出了研究半导体纳米结构电子结构的四个理论，并利用这些理论研究了它们的电子态和物理性质，发现了许多新的效应.这些理论包括：一维量子波导理论、孤立量子线、量子点的有效质量理论、异质结构的空穴有效质量理论、经验赝势同质结模型.专著《半导体超晶格物理》全面系统地介绍了超晶格物理的概念、原理、理论和实验结果，主要总结了获奖项目参加者所在的研究组在超晶格物理研究方面所取得的成果.

Theoretical study of the physical properties of semiconductor nano-structures

Semiconductor nano－structures are an important type of nano－material that will become the core of the next generation of micro－electronic and opto－electronic devices. There are various kinds of such nano－structures, for example, self－assembled quantum dots, nano crystallites and silicon clusters, which can be used to fabricate nano－electronic devices. Based on these nano－structures, our NNSFC funded project proposed four theories for studying their electronic structures, and found many new effects regarding their electronic states and physical properties. These theories include: one－dimensional quantum waveguide theory, effective－mass theory of isolated quantum dots and quantum wires, hole effective－mass theory for hetero structures, and empirical pseudopotential homo－junction models. The monograph Semiconductor Superlattice Physics presents a comprehensive introduction to the concepts, principles, theories, and experimental results of semiconductor superlattice physics, with a special summary of our group′s theoretical research results in this area.