从铁钉表面镀铜浅谈低年级学生科研思维培养

以铁钉表面镀铜为例,从Cu~(2+)直接氧化Fe实验中发现问题:铜镀层凸凹不平、易脱落。基于该问题,引导学生进行文献查阅,对问题进行分析,然后设计相关实验方案,进行实验操作,从而解决问题:获得表面均匀的铜镀层。通过问题发现、问题分析、文献资料查阅、实验方案设计、问题解决的思路培养低年级学生科研思维。

Scientific Research Thinking Cultivation of Junior Students Based on Copper Plated on the lron Nail Surface

Taking copper plated on the surface of iron nail as an example, the problems of uneven copper coating and easy falling off from the iron surface were discovered based on the direct redox reaction of Cu²⁺ and Fe. On the basis of these problems, the students reviewed literatures, analyzed the problems, designed related experimental schemes, and performed experimental operations under the guidance of tutors, the problems were resolved and a uniform copper coating surface was obtained. Via the considerations of the problem discovery, problem analysis, literature review, experimental design, and problem resolving, junior students' scientific research thinking were cultivated.