Trace determination of pharmaceuticals and other wastewater-derived micropollutants by solid phase extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry |
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Authors: | Kevin J Bisceglia Jim T Yu Mehmet Coelhan Edward J Bouwer A Lynn Roberts |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, 313 Ames Hall, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA;2. Research Center Weihenstephan for Brewing and Food Quality, Technische Universität München, Germany |
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Abstract: | The presence of pharmaceuticals and other wastewater-derived micropollutants in surface and groundwaters is receiving intense public and scientific attention. Yet simple GC/MS methods that would enable measurement of a wide range of such compounds are scarce. This paper describes a GC/MS method for the simultaneous determination of 13 pharmaceuticals (acetaminophen, albuterol, allopurinol, amitriptyline, brompheniramine, carbamazepine, carisoprodol, ciclopirox, diazepam, fenofibrate, metoprolol, primidone, and terbinafine) and 5 wastewater-derived contaminants (caffeine, diethyltoluamide, n-butylbenzene sulfonamide, n-nonylphenol, and n-octylphenol) by solid phase extraction (SPE) and derivatization with BSTFA. The method was applied to the analysis of raw and treated sewage samples obtained from a wastewater treatment plant located in the mid-Atlantic United States. All analytes were detected in untreated sewage, and 14 of the 18 analytes were detected in treated sewage. |
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Keywords: | Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry PPCPs Pharmaceuticals Wastewater Sewage Environmental occurrence |
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