Studies of structure,dielectric and conduction mechanism of Bi3+/Yb3+ modified BaTiO3

The present communication aims at the study of the structural, dielectric, electrical and conduction properties of Bi³⁺/Yb³⁺ substituted BaTiO₃ with a chemical composition of Ba_0.5Bi_0.5Yb_0.5Ti_0.5O₃. The modified BaTiO₃, could be synthesized by a solid state reaction technique. The X-ray diffraction data and pattern revealed the formation of the above compound with tetragonal crystal system. The material's molecular structure (Ba–Ti–O bond, O–Ti–O stretching-mode, metal-oxygen bond, optical band gap, and so on) was determined using room temperature Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV–visible spectroscopic spectra. Detailed investigations of the material's electrical (dielectric/leakage current and impedance) behavior over a wide temperature (25⁰C–500⁰C) and frequency (1 kHz–1000 kHz) range revealed the presence of capacitive, resistive, and conductive mechanisms. On the investigation of the polarization-electric field (P-E) hysteresis loop on multiple substitution, the change of ferroelectric polarization (spontaneous and residual) and storage density of BaTiO₃ was observed. Defect chemistry of the modified barium compound has been discussed in the details.