Glass and Structural Transitions Measured at Polymer Surfaces on the Nanoscale |
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| Authors: | Overney R. M. Buenviaje C. Luginbühl R. Dinelli F. |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Box 351750, Seattle, WA 98195-1750, USA;(2) University of Washington Engineered Biomaterials and Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Box 351750, Seattle, WA 98195-1750, USA |
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| Abstract: | This paper reviews our recent progress in determining the surface glass transition temperature, Tg, of free and substrate confined amorphous polymer films. We will introduce novel instrumental approaches and discuss surface and bulk concepts of Tg. The Tg of surfaces will be compared to the bulk, and we will discuss the effect of interfacial interactions (confinements), surface energy, disentanglement, adhesion forces, viscosity and structural changes on the glass transition. Measurements have been conducted with scanning force microscopy in two different shear modes: dynamic friction force mode and locally static shear modulation mode. The applicability of these two nano-contact modes to Tg will be discussed.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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| Keywords: | atomic force microscopy (AFM) confinement friction glass transition polymers scanning force microscopy (SFM) scanning probe microscopy (SPM) shear modulation surface analysis surface interaction |
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