层状硅酸盐累托石/环氧树脂纳米复合材料的结构和性能研究

用有机改性的层状累托石与环氧树脂复合制备出纳米复合材料 .通过改变累托石含量发现在很低含量 (0 5W % )时纳米复合材料具有最佳力学和热学性能 ,冲击强度增加 12 0 % ,断裂伸长率增加 330 %玻璃化转变温度提高 2 8℃ .用X衍射、透射电镜和红外吸收光谱研究了材料的微观结构 ,结果表明层状累托石和环氧树脂发生了化学反应 ,观测到了层状累托石完全剥离和插层两种结构形态 ,且累托石含量较低时容易形成剥离型 .具有大的比表面积、高的反应活性的累托石片层分散于环氧基体中形成剥离型为主的结构有利于改善复合材料的力学性能并增加其热稳定性 .

STUDY ON THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES OF EPOXY/LAYERED SILICATE RECTORITE

Epoxy/rectorite nanocomposites were prepared successfully by dispersing organically modified rectorite in a kind of epoxy resin.XRD and TEM results indicated that the intercalated and exfoliated structures were observed,and it was found that in composites with lower rectorite contents the rectorite was easier to form exfoliation structurte.FT-IR spectra showed that the reaction between the rectorite and epoxy matrix occurred.At low rectorite contents,the mechanical and thermal properties of the nanocomposites have significant improvements in terms of the impact strength,the breaking elongation and the glass transition temperature compared to the neat epoxy,which indicates that the large surface area of rectorite platelets and their strong interaction with epoxy resin can restrict the motion of polymeric segments,then improve the mechanical and thermal properties.When the rectorite content>0.8 wt%,the properties of nanocomposites become poorer and poorer.It can be explanied as that the exfoliated structure is more desirable in enhancing the properties of nanocomposites,but too many platelets of rectorite may destroy the continuity of the matrix.