基于SPH方法的高速列车风阻制动板制动力研究

采用光滑粒子流体动力学（smoothed particle hydrodynamics，SPH）方法建立了高速列车风阻制动板流固耦合二维数值模型，实现了对风阻制动板动态开启过程的数值模拟，分析了风阻制动板的运动规律、受力分布和气动阻力变化规律.结果表明:当车速为300 km/h，最大开启角度为90°时，制动板整个开启过程的动作时间约为0.025 s，满足紧急制动时的快速响应要求；制动板开启初期，板的受力有较大突变且呈梯度分布，易弯曲变形；制动板的整个开启过程中，制动板整体受力水平逐渐提高且保持均匀分布，制动板直角边缘处受力始终较其他部位大，具有良好的增阻效果；最大制动力出现在最大开启角度为75°~85°时，而非垂直开启时，建议将最大开启角度设置为80°以获得最大制动力. 

Research on Braking Force of Aerodynamic Brake Panel of High-Speed Train Based on SPH Method

In order to realize the dynamic numerical simulation of the whole braking process for a high-speed train, a fluid-solid coupling model of the aerodynamics brake panel was established based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) method. The motion, the force distribution and the variation of aerodynamic drag during the braking process were explored. Results show that under the conditions of the speed of 300 km/h and the maximum opening angle of 90°, the time of the whole opening process is about 0.025 s, which meets the requirement of a quick response in emergency braking. In the initial stage of the brake panel opening, the force mutates with a gradient distribution, so that the brake panel is easy to bend and deform. During braking, the force level of the brake plate suffered increases gradually and remains evenly distributed. The edge of the right angle bears more force than other areas due to air drag, so the brake panel is more effective. Furthermore, the maximum aerodynamic braking force appears at 75°~85°, rather than at a vertical position. The maximum opening angle of the brake panel is suggested to be set at 80° to produce the maximum aerodynamic braking force.