Non-destructive bulk analysis of the Buggenum sword by neutron resonance capture analysis and neutron diffraction |
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| Authors: | Hans Postma Luc Amkreutz Alessandro Borella Martijn Clarijs Hans Kamermans Winfried Kockelmann Anna Paradowska Peter Schillebeeckx Dirk Visser |
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| Institution: | (1) RD&M, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands;(2) National Museum of Antiquities, Papengracht 30, 2301 EC Leiden, The Netherlands;(3) EC-JRC, Institute of Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM), Retieseweg 111, Geel, 2440, Belgium;(4) Faculty of Archaeology, University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands;(5) ISIS Facility, Rutherford and Appleton Laboratory, Chilton Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK |
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| Abstract: | Two neutron based techniques, neutron resonance capture analysis (NRCA) and time-of-flight neutron-diffraction (TOF-ND) have
been used to determine the elemental composition and structure of a precious and very well preserved all-metal sword from
the Bronze Age. This Buggenum sword was on loan from the National Museum of Antiquities (NMA) in Leiden (NL). NRCA and TOF-ND
experiments have been carried out at a number of more or less identical positions of the sword. The tin-bronze ratio and the
relative amounts of some minor elements (Sb, As, Ag, In) have been determined. The results of neutron diffraction measurements
showed considerable tin-segregation, and clear indications of hardening on the edges of the blade. In addition, radiographs
using Bremsstrahlung revealed the construction of the hilt–blade connection. The work was carried out at the EC Joint Research
Centre IRMM in Geel (B) and at the ISIS facility of the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK). |
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