Biodiesel production process intensification using a rotor-stator type generator of hydrodynamic cavitation |
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| Institution: | 1. E-PIC S.r.l. Turin, Via Ippolito Nievo 25, Turin 10143, Italy;2. Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco and NIS – Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy;1. Chemical Engineering Department, Biomass Processing Laboratory, Center of Biofuel and Biochemical Research (CBBR), Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia;2. Marine Department Malaysia Northern Region, 11700 Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia;3. Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Práter u. 50/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary;4. Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan;5. Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia;1. Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 40019, India;2. Chemical Engineering Department, AISSMS College of Engineering, Pune 411 001, India;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400 019, India;2. University of West Hungary, Institute of Wood Based Products and Technologies, 9400 Sopron, Hungary;3. Obuda University, Donat Banki Faculty of Mechanical and Safety Engineering, 1081 Budapest, Hungary;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400 019, India;2. University of West Hungary, Institute of Wood Based Products and Technologies, 9400 Sopron, Hungary;1. Laboratory for Water and Turbine Machines, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, A?ker?eva 6, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;2. Javno podjetje centralna ?istilna naprava Dom?ale-Kamnik d.o.o. (Dom?ale-Kamnik Wastewater Treatment Plant), ?tudljanska 91, 1230 Dom?ale, Slovenia |
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| Abstract: | Triglyceride transesterification for biodiesel production is a model reaction which is used to compare the conversion efficiency, yield, reaction time, energy consumption, scalability and cost estimation of different reactor technology and energy source. This work describes an efficient, fast and cost-effective procedure for biodiesel preparation using a rotating generator of hydrodynamic cavitation (HC). The base-catalyzed transesterification (methanol/sodium hydroxide) has been carried out using refined and bleached palm oil and waste vegetable cooking oil. The novel HC unit is a continuous rotor-stator type reactor in which reagents are directly fed into the controlled cavitation chamber. The high-speed rotation of the reactor creates micron-sized droplets of the immiscible reacting mixture leading to outstanding mass and heat transfer and enhancing the kinetics of the transesterification reaction which completes much more quickly than traditional methods. All the biodiesel samples obtained respect the ASTM standard and present fatty acid methyl ester contents of >99% m/m in both feedstocks. The electrical energy consumption of the HC reactor is 0.030 kW h per L of produced crude biodiesel, making this innovative technology really quite competitive. The reactor can be easily scaled-up, from producing a few hundred to thousands of liters of biodiesel per hour while avoiding the risk of orifices clogging with oil impurities, which may occur in conventional HC reactors. Furthermore it requires minimal installation space due to its compact design, which enhances overall security. |
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| Keywords: | Biodiesel Process intensification Hydrodynamic cavitation Palm oil Waste cooking oil |
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