Sulfonated reduced graphene oxide as a highly efficient catalyst for direct amidation of carboxylic acids with amines using ultrasonic irradiation |
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| Institution: | 1. Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), P.O. BOX 14335-186, Tehran, Iran;2. Institut d’Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN, UMR 8520), Avenue Poincaré – CS 60069, 59652 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France;1. Research Center for Biomimetic Functional Materials and Sensing Devices, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China;2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230039, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China;2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China;3. Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, PR China;4. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin 300072, China;1. Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), P.O. Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran;2. Institut d’Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN, UMR CNRS 8520), Université Lille 1, Avenue Poincaré – CS 60069, 59652 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France;1. Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, CNRS UMR 6230, CEISAM, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France;2. PLACAMAT UMS 3626 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 87 Ave du Dr Albert Schweitzer, 33608 Pessac Cedex, France;3. Université de Lyon 1, Institut de Recherche sur la Catalyse et l''Environnement de Lyon, IRCELYON, CNRS, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France;4. Institut Universitaire de France, 103 blvd St Michel, 75005 Paris Cedex 5, France;1. Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science & Technology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India;2. Department of Chemistry, Mahishadal Raj College, West Bengal 721628, India;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, India;1. School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China;2. Key Lab of New Thin Film Solar Cells, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, Anhui, PR China;3. Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University, 230000 Hefei, PR China;4. NAAM Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia |
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| Abstract: | Sulfonated reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (rGO-SO3H) were prepared by grafting sulfonic acid-containing aryl radicals onto chemically reduced graphene oxide (rGO) under sonochemical conditions. rGO-SO3H catalyst was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). rGO-SO3H catalyst was successfully applied as a reusable solid acid catalyst for the direct amidation of carboxylic acids with amines into the corresponding amides under ultrasonic irradiation. The direct sonochemical amidation of carboxylic acid takes place under mild conditions affording in good to high yields (56–95%) the corresponding amides in short reaction times. |
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| Keywords: | Sulfonated reduced graphene oxide Carboxylic acids Amines Direct amidation Solid acid catalyst Sonochemical reaction |
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