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Complete rate equation modelling of quantum cascade lasers for the analysis of temperature effects
Affiliation:1. Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS (UMR 8551), Université P. et M. Curie, Université D. Diderot, 24, rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France;2. Grupo de Materia Condensada-UdeA, Instituto de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia;1. Department of Electronics, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Newai, Rajasthan 304022, India;2. Department of Electronics Engineering, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India;1. İzmir Turk College Planetarium, 8019/21 sok., No: 22, İzmir, Turkey;2. College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, PO Box 392, Unisa, 0003 Pretoria, South Africa;3. Girne American University, School of Aviation, PO Box 388, Girne, Cyprus;1. Departamento de Telecomunicações e Controle, Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil;2. Department of Mathematics, University of Surrey, UK;1. School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;2. Center for Advanced Luminescence Materials, Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tang, Hong Kong;3. Instrumental Analysis & Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Abstract:The effect of temperature on the dynamics of a GaAs-based quantum cascade laser (QCL) is analysed using a complete rate equation model. The analytical expressions for the threshold current density and the output power are derived using the model and the thermal behaviour of these parameters is examined. A better conformity of the threshold current density with experiment at higher temperatures is achieved. The effect of temperature on the 3 dB optical bandwidth is further investigated using the same model. A comparative analysis of the model is performed with the recently reported rate equation models. It is observed that the 3 dB optical bandwidth falls more rapidly at higher operating temperatures that highlight the effects of leakage and backscattering processes present in the device.
Keywords:Thermal behaviour  Rate equations  Threshold current density  Output power  Quantum cascade lasers
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