中国铁路路网自然垄断属性及其管制研究

以网运分离的视角,基于DEA(data envelopment analysis)数据包络分析模型,运用1993~2016年相关成本与产出指标数据,对中国铁路行业路网环节的自然垄断属性进行了实证分析。结果表明:中国铁路行业路网环节在实证研究的时间段内不存在规模报酬递增,因此不具有明显的自然垄断属性。由此,中国铁路行业路网环节的政府管制需要改革,不仅包括准入和价格管制的放松,还有适度的投资管制以及质量管制的加强。

Research on the Characteristic of Natural Monopoly and Regulation of Network Infrastructure Segment in Chinese Railway

From the view of network infrastructure and transportation separating, based on DEA model, the paper makes an empirical analysis of the characteristic of natural monopoly in Chinese railway network infrastructure segment by using related inputs and output indexes data from 1993 to 2016. The results show that the characteristic of natural monopoly of network infrastructure segment is not obvious. Therefore, regulation reform of network infrastructure segment in Chinese railway industry is necessary, including loosening entry and price regulation, taking moderate investment regulation and strengthening quality regulation.