人类活动对塔里木盆地历史时期以来环境变迁的影响

塔里木盆地具有现代干旱特征的环境始于第三纪以来，形成了于第四纪初、在历史时期内塔里木盆地的环境演变总趋势，湖泊变干，河流断流，植被衰退，沙漠扩张，自然环境严重恶化，向着墟为越不利于人类生存和生产活动方向发展，本地区地理环境变化是什么原始引起的？根据有关文字记载，塔里木盆地一直是干燥的荒漠气候、干燥的气候条件，丰富的沙漠，以及气候的动力作用，是导致塔里木盆地现代沙漠化必然发展的自然因素。但是，人类不

Human Activities' Influence on the Evolution of Tarim Basin's Environment Since Historical Period

The environment of Tarim Basin characterized bymodern arid area had begun in the Tertiary Period and had formed in the beginning of theQuaternary Period. During historical period, the whole trend of Tarim Basin's environmentevolution isthe lakes have dried up, the rivers severed the plants declined the desertsenlarged, and the natural environment is deteriorating seriously, its development hasfurtherly gone against human being's life and work. What are the causes? According torelative literal record, Tarim Basin had had dry desert climate at all times. The drought,rich sand and the climate's dynamic force are the natural factors that cause Tarim Basin'sdesertification inevitably. However human being's unfavorable economic activities are inthe leading position. Therefore, we think, the main reasons which cause the environmentalchanges in this region are human activities which are disarrangement of surtace water'sdistribution and distruction of natrual vegetation. Later, according to the information wecollected during exploring in the eastern region of Tarim Basin in the May of 1998 and theresearch results that the precursors worked out, we will discuss human activities'influence on the evolution of Tarim Basin's environment since historical period.