Indium-substitution and indium-less case effects on structural and magnetic properties of yttrium-iron garnet |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;2. Department of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan;3. Department of Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan;4. Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics, G.C. University, Lahore, Pakistan;5. Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department, National Textile University, Faisalabad, Pakistan;6. Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;7. Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi,Selangor, Malaysia;1. Department of Physics, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Engineering and Technology (MNSUET), Multan 60000, Pakistan;2. Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus 54000, Pakistan;3. Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus 54000, Pakistan;4. Department of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan;1. State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China;2. School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030000, China;1. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Física, Recife, PE, Brazil;2. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pós Graduação em Ciência de Materiais, Recife, PE, Brazil;3. Universidade Federal do Piauí, Departamento de Física, Teresina, PI, Brazil;4. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Recife, PE, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | The effect of indium (In) substitution in the dynamics of structure and ferrimagnetism of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) employing sintering temperature as a temporary agent of composition and structural changes was reported in this study. The nanoparticles of YIG powder samples with various In content (x=0.0–0.4) were prepared via the mechanical alloying (MA) technique. A brief, yet revealing characterization of the samples was carried out via transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, B–H Hysteresisgraph, and LCR-metre. The X-ray diffraction analysis of the samples prepared via the MA indicates the formation of single phase YIG structure at much lower sintering temperature than that in the conventional ceramic technique. The lattice constant increases as In content increases which obeys Vegard's Law due to the larger In3+ ions replacing the smaller Fe3+ ions. The saturation induction increased reaching about 699.1 G for x=0.3 and decreased with further In substitution. Three stages of ordered magnetism formation were identified which attributed to development of crystallinity and larger grains for magnetic domain accommodation. The Curie temperature shows a decrement in their values with In content due to weakening of superexchange interactions. Raman shifts from 268.1 to 272.2 cm−1 with increasing In content were observed due to stress developed in the YIG crystal structure. |
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| Keywords: | Magnetic materials Raman spectroscopy X-ray diffraction Magnetic properties Magnetic structure |
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