Strong tolerance of blue-green alga Microcystis flos-aquae to very high pressure |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Applied Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kitaku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan;2. Okayama Ichinomiya Senior High School, 221 Narazu, Kitaku, Okayama 701-1202, Japan;3. Department of Biosphere-Geosphere System Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kitaku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan;4. Department of Biology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;5. Department of Physics, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;6. Institute for Study of Earth׳s Interior, Okayama University, Misasa, Tottori 682-0193, Japan;1. Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy;2. Center for the Study of Matter at Extreme Conditions, Florida International University, Miami, USA;3. Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, USA;1. College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, 16417 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;2. Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia;3. Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan;1. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;2. Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;3. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;4. Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences in Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA;1. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China;2. Bio-Innovation Center of DR PLANT, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, PR China;3. Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana, Polson, MT, 59860, USA;4. School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA;5. School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA |
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| Abstract: | It was shown in our previous reports that a few spores of moss Venturiella could tolerate the very high pressure of 20 GPa for 30 min and germinated a protonema to the length of 30 μm. However, these spores did not grow any further, and disappeared at around 30 days of incubation after seeded. On the other hand, colonies of blue-green alga Microcystis flos-aquae came to appear about 76 days after the moss spores were seeded. Many of these colonies appeared at the places where the moss spores had disappeared. These colonies were formed by the algae that had adhered to the spore cases of the moss and survived after exposure to the very high pressure of 20 GPa. Though the appearance of the colonies of high pressure exposed algae was delayed by about 50 days compared with that of the control group which was not exposed to high pressure, there seems no difference in their shape and color from those of the control group. The pressure tolerance of blue-green alga is found to be enormously strong, and it can survive after exposure to the high pressure which corresponds to the depth of about 550–600 km from the surface of the Earth, just above the lower mantle. |
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| Keywords: | C. High pressure |
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