Preparation and modification of collagen-based porous scaffold for tissue engineering |
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Authors: | Alexandra Sloviková Lucy Vojtová Josef Jančař |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Materials Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic |
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Abstract: | In the effort to generate cartilage tissues using mesenchymal stem cells, porous scaffolds with prescribed biomechanical properties
were prepared. Scaffolds with interconnected pores were prepared via lyophilisation of frozen hydrogels made from collagen
modified with chitosan nanofibres, hyaluronic acid, copolymers based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(lactic-co-glycolic
acid) (PLGA), and itaconic acid (ITA), and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. The modified collagen compositions were cross-linked
using N-(3-dimethylamino propyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) combined with N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) in water solution. Basic physicochemical and mechanical properties were measured and an attempt
to relate these properties to the molecular and supermolecular structure of the modified collagen compositions was carried
out. Scaffolds containing hydrophilic chitosan nanofibres showed the highest swelling ratio (SR = 20–25) of all the materials
investigated, while collagen modified with an amphiphilic PLGA-PEG-PLGA copolymer or functionalised with ITA exhibited the
lowest swelling ratio (SR = 5–8). The best resistance to hydrolytic degradation was obtained for hydroxyapatite containing
scaffolds. On the other hand, the fastest degradation rate was observed for synthetic copolymer-containing scaffolds. The
results showed that the addition of hydroxyapatite or hyaluronic acid to the collagen matrix increases the rigidity in comparison
to the collagen-chitosan scaffold. Collagen scaffold modified with hyaluronic acid presented reduced deformation at break
while the presence of hydroxypatatite enhanced the scaffold deformation under tensile loading. The tensile elastic modulus
of chitosan nanofibre collagen scaffold was the lowest but closest to the articular cartilage; however, the strength and deformation
to failure increased up to 200 %.
Presented at the 1st Bratislava Young Polymer Scientists Workshop, Bratislava, 20–23 August 2007. |
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Keywords: | collagen scaffold chitosan hyaluronic acid hydroxyapatite tissue engineering |
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