认知风格差异田径运动员竞赛焦虑与竞技水平发挥的关系

为研究中国田径项目高水平运动员不同认知风格的赛前竞赛焦虑特征及与竞技水平发挥程度的关系,采用镶嵌图形测验和竞赛状态焦虑问卷的方法,对15个省、市93名优秀田径运动员进行调查.结果显示:场依存运动员竞技水平发挥率与认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑均呈负相关,与状态自信心正相关.场独立运动员竞技水平发挥率与认知状态焦虑呈负相关,与躯体状态焦虑、状态自信心呈正相关.场独立组运动员低认知状态焦虑、高躯体状态焦虑与状态自信心,竞技水平发挥率更好.场依存组运动员低认知状态焦虑与躯体状态焦虑、高状态自信心,竞技水平发挥率更好.场依存组运动员的竞技水平发挥率与认知状态焦虑各组负相关、与躯体状态焦虑、状态自信心各组均呈正相关.场独立运动员的竞技水平发挥率与两组不同水平的认知状态焦虑、状态自信心呈正相关,与高躯体状态焦虑组中度负相关,与低组呈低度负相关.

Research on elite athlete's competition anxiety with different cognitive style and performance of competitive level

To explore the relations between cognitive style and competition anxiety of track and field athletes and the performance of competitive level,by using Embedded Figures Test and the competitive state anxiety questionnaire method,93 elite track and field athletes from 15 different provinces and cities in China are surveyed.The results show that:The performances of competitive level for field dependent athletes are negatively correlated with cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety, but positively correlated to self-confidence.However,field independent athletes’ performances of competitive level are negatively correlated with cognitive state anxiety,but positively correlated with somatic state anxiety and self-confidence.Field independent athletes with lower cognitive state anxiety, higher somatic state anxiety and state self-confidence have better performance of competitive level, field dependent athletes with lower cognitive state anxiety,higher somatic state anxiety and state selfconfidence have better performance of competitive level.Field dependent athletes’ performances of competitive level are negatively correlated with cognitive state anxiety,but positively correlated with somatic state anxiety and state self-confidence.Field independent athletes’ performances of competitive level are positively correlated with cognitive state anxiety and state self-confidence,but negatively correlated with somatic state anxiety.