Calibration methods for time domain network analysis

Accurate calibration techniques for the characterization of general one- and two-port networks using time domain reflection/transmission (TDR/T) measurements are presented. Simple one-port open-short-match corrections formulated by W.M. Scott and G.S. Smith (1986) are generalized for three arbitrary known loads and extended to the two-port case. Known, general frequency-domain techniques are shown to be directly applicable to the time-domain measurements, including the use of redundancy to reduce the number of required calibration standards. A time-domain thru-match-short method similar to the TRL method of G.F. Engen and C.A. Hoer (1979) is presented. Examples of the measured results for typical one- and two-port devices are included and compared with vector network analyzer measurement results to validate the time domain network analysis algorithms