Iron gall ink-induced corrosion of cellulose: aging,degradation and stabilization. Part 2: application on historic sample material |
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Authors: | Ute Henniges Rebecca Reibke Gerhard Banik Enke Huhsmann Ulrike Hähner Thomas Prohaska Antje Potthast |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Chemistry, Division of Organic Chemistry,University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences,Vienna,Austria;2.Universit?tsbibliothek Marburg Wilhelm-R?pke-Str. 4,Marburg,Germany;3.Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Künste Stuttgart,Fellbach,Germany;4.Department of Chemistry, Division of Analytical Chemistry,University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences,Vienna,Austria |
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Abstract: | Degradation of cellulose in historic paper by iron gall ink is a synergistic process of both, acid hydrolysis caused by acidic
ink ingredients and oxidation catalyzed by free iron and/or copper ions. The interplay of both reactions was studied according
to the CCOA method on historic paper samples. Only minute amounts (few mg) of the samples were required to obtain profiles
of naturally present and oxidatively introduced carbonyl groups, which was done by group-selective fluorescence labeling in
combination with determination of the molecular weight distribution by GPC-MALLS. In the present study naturally occurring
degradation pathways in historic sample papers have been investigated. Different extents of oxidatitive degradation were shown
for paper with and without ink. A typical pattern of the molecular weight distribution in naturally aged papers was identified,
the peculiar feature being a distinctive shoulder in the region of low molecular weight, roughly between 25,000 and 5,000 g/mol
corresponding to a DP between 150 and 30. This pattern was a typical attribute of degraded natural samples: any artificial
aging procedures aimed at modeling natural aging processes must thus attempt to reproduce this feature. Although the historic
samples had been more severely oxidized than model papers, the inhibition of further oxidation and hydrolysis by the calcium
phytate/hydrogen carbonate treatment was evident and could be proven for the first time on the molecular level. Also on plain
paper without ink application the oxidation was suppressed and the molecular weight was stabilized on a high level. |
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Keywords: | Carbonyl groups Fluorescence labelling Iron gall ink Molecular weight distribution Phytate Historic paper |
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