公路交通噪声频率特征及等效频率研究

为了确定不同车型在不同行车速度下的噪声频率分布特性及等效频率值,更加准确的对交通噪声的影响进行评估,本文对单车稳态辐射噪声的频率特性进行了现场测定,并对不同类型车辆的频率特性数据进行了分析。结果表明,不同类型车辆车速与频带声压级之间的相关性随频带中心频率的变化而变化。FHWA模型对公路交通噪声中介于500 Hz～2000 Hz频段的噪声有较好的预测效果,而对低于500 Hz和高于2000 Hz的交通噪声的预测精度较差。车辆类型不同,车辆产生噪声的中心频率、声能量集中分布的频率范围以及等效频率均不相同。

Study on the frequency characteristics and equivalent frequencies of highway traffic noise

In order to determine the spectrum characteristics of traffic noise and its equivalent values at different vehicle types and speeds, and to evaluate the effects of traffic noise more accurately, the frequency characteristic of the steady acoustic noise produced by a single vehicle was monitored and analyzed in this study. It was found that the correlation between the vehicle speed and the band sound pressure level varies with the band center frequency. FHWA model have good prediction results for the highway traffic noise distributed in the range of 500 Hz ~ 2000 Hz; while for the noise with major frequency less than 500 Hz or above 2000 Hz, its prediction accuracy is relatively low. Meanwhile, the center frequency, major energy distribution range, and the equivalent frequency also vary notably with the vehicle type.