Neutron conversion efficiency and gamma interference with gadolinium

Gadolinium (Gd) neutron capture plays an important role in both Gd neutron capture therapy and neutron detection. Detailed information about the low-energy electron spectrum emitted after Gd neutron capture is essential for accurately determining the dose delivery to the target and healthy tissues, as well as the effectiveness of Gd against other neutron convertors such as boron (B) and lithium (Li). Owing to issues such as charge extraction associated with the low energy of internal conversion electrons (ICEs) and high gamma interaction of Gd, its competitiveness for certain applications remains debatable. We measured the ICE spectrum of Gd, compared the energy deposition rates of neutron capture products from Gd, B, and Li compounds, and discussed issues associated with gamma sensitivity of Gd.