天然五环三萜有机功能分子

天然五环三萜在自然界中广泛存在,由六个异戊二烯单元组成,可以从动植物中分离获取。因具有手性刚性骨架、多反应位点、独特组装性能、良好生物相容性及药理活性,其在超分子化学、智能材料、界面化学、药物传输等领域有着不可忽视的潜力。本文基于课题组近年来在天然五环三萜有机功能分子方面的工作,概述了含甘草次酸和甘草酸骨架的功能小分子和高分子的设计、合成及其在水凝胶、有机凝胶、有机-无机复合凝胶、手性材料、温敏和自愈合材料、农用Pickering乳液、准聚轮烷等方面的应用。

Natural Pentacyclic Triterpene-based Organic Functional Molecules

Terpenes, isolated from plants and animals, have been widely found in nature. They can be divided into cyclic-, linear-, and polycyclic terpenes according to the number of isoprene units and skeleton rings in their molecular structures. Among them, natural triterpenes are one of the ideal building blocks in the fabrication of functional molecules and show great potentials in the areas of supramolecular chemistry, smart materials, interface chemistry, and drug delivery, due to their advantages in structure and performance like rigid chiral backbone, multiple reactive sites, unique self-assembly ability, good biocompatibility and bioactivity. Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) and glycyrrhizic acid (GL), two of the classic pentacyclic triterpenes, have attracted considerable attention in the synthesis of organic functional molecules in the past decade. In this paper, we focus on the recent progress of glycyrrhetinic acid/glycyrrhizic acid-derived small molecules and polymers, including design, synthesis, and applications in hydrogels, organogels, hybrid gels, chiral materials, thermo-and self-healable materials, agricultural Pickering-emulsions and polypseudorotaxanes.