Examination of distribution of trace elements in hair, fingernails and toenails as alternative biological materials. Application of chemometric methods |
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Authors: | Agnieszka Przybylowicz Paulina Chesy Malgorzata Herman Andrzej Parczewski Stanislaw Walas and Wojciech Piekoszewski |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Nussbaumstr. 26, 80336 Munich, Germany;(2) Isolab GmbH, Laboratory for Stable Isotopes, Schweitenkirchen, Germany |
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Abstract: | The aim of this study was to find correlations between several studied elements and analyzed materials as well as the application
and validation of an analytical method to determine trace elements in hair, fingernails and toenails of healthy volunteers
(normal concentration). The method developed covers washing, mineralization and ICP-MS determination of 10 elements (Ca, Cd,
Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, Pb and Zn) in hair and nails. Concentrations of the selected elements in hair, fingernails and toenails
were measured for 24 women and 18 men. Furthermore, a chemometric approach (Principal Component Analysis, PCA) was employed
to evaluate the correlations between concentrations of the elements in hair and nails and between these materials. Until now
PCA has not been frequently applied in handling and interpretation of the results of analysis of biological materials. However,
the results of the present investigation show the high potential of PCA in extraction of valuable information from analytical
measurements. Additionally, PCA has become a useful tool for visualization of the obtained results. Moreover, the cluster
analysis (CA) was used to group the samples according to gender, taking into account two different groups of elements: essential
and toxic.
![MediaObjects/11532_2012_89_Fig1_HTML.jpg](/content/H183658V802J0114/MediaObjects/11532_2012_89_Fig1_HTML.jpg) |
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