Polystyrene resin-supported CuI-cryptand 22 complex: a highly efficient and reusable catalyst for three-component synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles under aerobic conditions in water

Polystyrene resin-supported copper(I) iodide-cryptand-22 complex (PS–C22–CuI) was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, EDX, SEM, XPS, and TG-DTA analysis. This complex was found to be a highly active and robust heterogeneous catalyst for either three-component reaction of organic halides, sodium azide, and terminal alkynes, or the reaction of organic azides and alkynes to form 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles in good to excellent yields at room temperature, using water as the green solvent. The catalyst can be not only easily isolated from the final product by filtration but also reused without significant loss of catalytic activity.