剪切增稠液的力学性能与机理

剪切增稠液（shear thickening fluids，STFs）是一种将纳米或者微米尺度的颗粒分散到极性介质中，形成的浓缩颗粒悬浮液。由于在外力的作用下，其力学性能会表现出快速、显著、可逆的变化，并且具有优异的能量吸收能力，因此在减振吸振、个体防护、抗冲击等领域有着重要的应用前景。本文首先介绍了高性能STF的研制，分析了STF在不同外加载荷下的力学行为；然后从实验和理论等方面讨论了STF机理的研究现状；最后总结了关于STF的实际应用并对这类材料的发展进行展望。

Mechanical Properties and Mechanism of Shear Thickening Fluid

Shear thickening fluid (STF) is a kind of dense suspensions, which is obtained by dispering nano or micro particles in polar dispersed medium. Under applying stress, the mechanical properties of STF will show rapid, significant and reversible changes. Due to the excellent ability of energy absorption, STF has great prospects in many applications, such as shock absorption, soft armor and dampers. In this paper, we firstly introduced the preparation of high performance STF, as well as the mechanical behaviors of STF under different loads. In addition, we discussed the state-of-the art for experimental and theoretical researches of the shear thickening mechanism. Finally, we concluded the practical applications of STF and proposed some future trends in this material developments.