碳催化剂在催化反应中的应用

由于碳材料表面存在缺陷,可生成具有不同性能的活性位,因此可催化不同的热催化反应.我们首先介绍了单质碳材料的表面结构化学:其表面活性位主要为含杂原子官能团;然后对其可催化的反应进行了介绍:碳单质材料可催化选择性氧化反应、高级氧化反应、还原反应、烷烃活化反应、酸催化反应、电催化还原和氧化反应等.对碳单质催化剂的制备方法、所催化的各类反应、催化活性位、催化效果及催化机理也进行了简介.单纯的碳材料并不能完全满足不同反应的催化要求,可通过掺杂杂原子、焙烧、酸处理等手段对碳催化剂进行改性,使其具有不同的催化性能.相信随着对碳催化认识的不断加深,碳催化的应用范围会越来越广,在不远的未来将应用于工业化生产.

Application of Carbon Catalysts in Catalytic Reactions

Due to its defect, some active sites were formed and some thermal catalytic reactions can be catalyzed by carbon materials. The surface structure and chemistry of carbon monolithic have been introduced firstly. The active surface sites are mainly the functional groups with heteroatoms, and then reactions catalyzed by carbon materials has been illustrated. Selective oxidation, advanced oxidation, reduction, activation of alkane, acid catalyzed reactions, electrically catalytic reduction and oxidation reactions can be catalyzed by carbon monolithic. The prepared methods of carbon catalysts, the reaction catalyzed by carbon, catalytic sites, catalytic results and mechanism have been briefly introduced. The pure carbon cannot be satisfied all the requirements of different catalytic reactions. They can be modified by doping, calcination and acid treatment to get different properties. It''s believed that with the further study of carbon catalysis, the application of carbon in catalysis will be more widely and can be industrialized near future.