宽波段高分辨率Dyson成像光谱仪设计研究

主要对一种远心成像光谱仪系统，即Dyson成像光谱仪进行了设计研究。这种成像光谱仪结构简单紧凑，仅由一个半球透镜和一个凹面光栅组成。在Rowland圆与折射理论的基础上，分析了Dyson成像光谱仪在宽波段下可消除像散的重要条件，即光栅半径与半球透镜半径之比，并获得了具备极高光学性能的光学系统参数计算条件。为了使这种成像光谱仪更适宜于工程化应用，又在其基础之上设计和分析了探测器表面脱离半球透镜的方法。设计实例获得了数值孔径0.33，工作波段0.38~1.7 μm，狭缝长度15 mm，像面表面成像斑均方根值半径小于2.5 μm的Dyson成像光谱仪结构和改进后的像斑均方根值半径小于8 μm的改进型Dyson成像光谱仪结构。该设计方法和设计结果合理可行，优化结构性能优越，并可用于工业及遥感等多个领域。

Study and Design on Dyson Imaging Spectrometer in Spectral Broadband with High Resolution

The paper designs and improves a telecentric imaging spectrometer, the Dyson imaging spectrometer. The optical structure of the imaging spectrometer is simple and compact, which is only composed of a hemispherical lens and a concave grating. Based on the Rowland circle and refraction theory, the broadband anastigmatic imaging condition of Dyson imaging spectrometer which is the ratio of the grating radius and hemispherical lens radius has been analyzed. By imposing this condition for two different wavelengths, the parameters of the optical system presenting low aberrations and excellent imaging quality are obtained. To make the design spectrometer more suitable for the engineering application, the paper studies the method making the detector not to attach the surface of the hemispherical lens. A design example using optimal conditions was designed to prove our theory. The Dyson imaging spectrometer of which the imaging RMS radii are less than 2.5 μm and the advanced spectrometer of which the imaging RMS radii are less than 8 μm, with NA 0.33, waveband 0.38~1.7 μm and the slit length 15 mm, have been obtained. The design method and results are more feasible and predominant, and can be applied in the areas of the industry and remote sensing.