弱激光对神经元钾离子通道特性影响的实验研究

利用波长为670 nm、功率为5 mW的半导体激光器照射急性分离的大鼠海马CA3区锥体神经元，应用全细胞膜片钳技术研究其瞬时外向钾离子通道特性.实验发现：弱激光对瞬时外向钾电流具有抑制作用,并且该抑制作用呈现电压依赖性和可逆性.激光作用可显著影响通道稳态激活和失活过程，激光照射组和对照组比较，电流稳态激活曲线向去极化方向移动，半数激活电压升高，曲线斜率因子改变；而失活曲线向超极化方向移动，半数失活电压降低，曲线斜率因子不变.结果表明，弱激光作用海马神经细胞可以改变其瞬时外向钾离子通道特性，从而影响动作电位的形成和发放，调节神经元生理功能,有利于受损神经元的恢复和再生. 关键词： 瞬时外向钾离子电流 膜片钳技术 弱激光照射 神经元

Research on characteristics of neuron potassium channel under low level laser irradiation

Acutely isolated rat hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons were irradiated with a semiconductor laser of wavelength 670 nm and power 5 mW. The properties of transient outward potassium (K⁺) channel were investigated using the whole-cell patch clamp technique. The experiment revealed that low level laser reduced the amplitudes of I_A in a voltage-dependent and reversible manner. The steady-state activation and inactivation processes of I_A were significantly affected by laser irradiation. And the steady-state activation curve shifted towards positive potential direction, altering the slope factor of curve and increasing the half-activation voltage. However, the steady-state inactivation curve shifted towards negative potential direction, reducing the half-inactivation voltage without changing the slope factor. The results show that low level laser irradiation could change the characteristics of transient outward K⁺ channel. Accordingly, the firing of action potential and the physiological function of neurons were adjusted as a result of low level laser irradiation, which might contribute to the recovery and regeneration of injured neurons.