民国时期云南改土归流述略

民国时期云南改土归流的起因与前朝不同,目的是巩固云南边防,抵御法英侵疆。受当时云南处于多事之秋的客观环境影响,在急进与缓进的指导思想之下,云南政府与土司经过博弈,土司辖地最终形成土流并存的政治格局。民国时期云南改土归流体现的治边思想依然是传统治边思想的延续,但其实施方法有所创新。当然,改土归流的失误也显而易见,对流官的任用不当导致了边疆民族的诸多起事。

Hereditary Chieftaincy Reform in Yunnan during the Republic of China

During the period of the Republic of China, the reason of Yunnan Hereditary Chieftaincy Reform was different from former dynasties, and the purpose is to consolidate frontier area against aggression from France and England. Affected by the far worse objective environments, the Hereditary Chieftaincy and Provincial Administration eventually coexisted under the guiding ideology of ＂radical＂ and ＂slow＂. Yunnan Hereditary Chieftaincy Reform still reflects the traditional frontier management thought, but its implementation methods embodied some innovation. The disadvantages of Hereditary Chieftaincy Reform are also apparent. The Provincial Administrations are so greedy and cruel that the uprisings of Yunnan minority often occur.