Time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging of proteinaceous binders used in paintings |
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Authors: | Austin Nevin Daniela Comelli Gianluca Valentini Demetrios Anglos Aviva Burnstock Sharon Cather Rinaldo Cubeddu |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (IESL-FORTH), P. O. Box 1385, Heraklion, 71110, Crete, Greece;(2) Courtauld Institute of Art, University of London, Somerset House, Strand, London, WC2R 0RN, UK;(3) ULTRAS-CNR-INFM and IFN-CNR, Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy |
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Abstract: | The differentiation of proteins commonly found as binding media in paintings is presented based on spectrally resolved and
time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and total emission spectroscopy. Proteins from eggs and animal glue were analysed
with pulsed laser excitation at 248 nm (KrF excimer) and 355 nm (third harmonic of Nd:YAG) for spectrally resolved measurements,
and at 337 nm (N2) and 405 nm (N2 pumped dye laser) for spectrally resolved lifetime measurements and fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM). Total emission
spectra of binding media are used for the interpretation of LIF spectra. Time-resolved techniques become decisive with excitation
at longer wavelengths as fluorescence lifetime permits the discrimination amongst binding media, despite minimal spectral
differences; spectrally resolved measurements of fluorescence lifetime have maximum differences between the binding media
examined using excitation at 337 nm, with maximum observed fluorescence at 410 nm. FLIM, which measures the average lifetime
of the emissions detected, can also differentiate between media, is non-invasive and is potentially advantageous for the analysis
of paintings.
Figure The fluorescence of solid ox glue extracted from collagen can be visualised in this Total Fluorescence Spectrum; three different
peaks from multiple fluorophores are present and allow the discrimination between collagen- and non-collagen proteinaceous
binding media found in paintings |
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Keywords: | Proteins Fluorescence Lifetime Laser-induced fluorescence Fluorescence lifetime imaging Binding media Paintings |
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