Anionic fullerenes, calixarenes, coronenes, and pyrenes as activators of oligo/polyarginines in model membranes and live cells |
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| Authors: | Perret Florent Nishihara Masamichi Takeuchi Toshihide Futaki Shiroh Lazar Adina N Coleman Anthony W Sakai Naomi Matile Stefan |
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| Institution: | Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University and PRESTO, JST, Kyoto, Japan. |
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| Abstract: | We report that the efflux of 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein anions from neutral egg yolk phosphatidylcholine vesicles is mediated by oligo/polyarginines only in the presence of activating amphiphilic anions. Screening of anion activators reveals best synergism for amphiphilic carboxylates (fullerene > calix4]arene approximately coronene > pyrene > calix6]arene > alkyl), whereas amphiphilic sulfates show less satisfactory activation despite often lower effective concentrations. The analogous alcohols and one calix4]arene diphosphate were inactive. These results are discussed in the context of a tentative anion carrier mechanism, where interactions with bilayer (interface-directed translocation) and carrier (arene-templated carboxylate-guanidinium pairing) contribute to activator efficiencies. Applied to HeLa cells, pyrenebutyrate is shown to significantly increase the uptake of a fluorescently labeled octaarginine in a concentration-dependent manner. |
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