Synthesis,Characterization, and Oil Recovery Application of Biosurfactant Produced by Indigenous <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</Emphasis> WJ-1 Using Waste Vegetable Oils |
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Authors: | Wen-Jie Xia Zhi-bin Luo Han-Ping Dong Li Yu Qing-Feng Cui Yong-Qiang Bi |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Porous Flow & Fluid Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Langfang, China;(2) Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing, China;(3) Shenliu, Mailbox 44#, Langfang, Hebei Province, China |
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Abstract: | A bacterial strain was isolated and cultured from the oil excavation areas in tropical zone in northern China. The biochemical
characteristics and partial sequenced 16S rRNA gene of isolate, WJ-1, was identical to those of cultured representatives of
the species Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This bacterium was able to produce a type of biosurfactant. Compositional analysis revealed that the extracted biosurfactant
was composed of high percentage lipid (∼74%, w/w) and carbohydrate (∼20%, w/w) in addition to a minor fraction of protein (∼6%, w/w). The best production of 50.2 g/l was obtained when the cells were grown on minimal salt medium containing 6.0% (w/v) glucose and 0.75% (w/v) sodium nitrate supplemented with 0.1% (v/v) element solution at 37 °C and 180 rpm after 96 h. The optimum biosurfactant production pH value was found to be 6.0–8.0.
The biosurfactant of WJ-1, with the critical micelle concentration of 0.014 g/L, could reduce surface tension to 24.5 mN/m
and emulsified kerosene up to EI24 ≈95. The results obtained from time course study indicated that the surface tension reduction and emulsification potential
was increased in the same way to cell growth. However, maximum biosurfactant production occurred and established in the stationary
growth phase (after 90 h). Thin layer chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, and mass spectrum analysis indicate
the extracted biosurfactant was affiliated with rhamnolipid. The core holder flooding experiments demonstrated that the oil
recovery efficiency of strain and its biosurfactant was 23.02% residual oil. |
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