Pretreatment of Corn Stover with Twin-Screw Extrusion Followed by Enzymatic Saccharification |
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Authors: | Shujing?Zhang Yixiang?Xu Email author" target="_blank">Milford?A?HannaEmail author |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA;(2) Agricultural Research Station, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA 23806, USA |
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Abstract: | Pretreatment of biomass before subjecting it to enzyme saccharification is crucial with regards to facilitating access of
enzyme to biomass. Extrusion, as a continuous and cost-effective pretreatment method, combines heating with high shear and
mixing opening cell walls at the microscopic scale, thus largely increasing the specific surface area (SSA) of biomass for
enzyme adsorption. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of extrusion as a pretreatment method and the underlying
factors ruling the improvement of sugar yields. The optimum glucose, xylose, and combined sugar recoveries were 48.79%, 24.98%,
and 40.07%, respectively, at 27.5% moisture content and 80 rpm screw speed. These yields were 2.2, 6.6, and 2.6 times higher
than those for untreated corn stover. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the crystallinity index was not a good indicator
of sugar yield. However, scanning electron microscopy showed that the cellulose network was exposed due to the destruction
of the lignin sheath. The Langmuir adsorption model was shown to be an effective tool for the estimation of the SSA of corn
stover. The SSA of pretreated samples was significantly amplified over the control, revealing that extrusion can open the
cell wall at the microscopic scale, which was especially favorable on sugar yields. |
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