舰载激光武器的研制进展

美国海军激光武器系统(LaWS)作为第1套海军的固体激光武器样机,已经安装在现役军舰庞塞号上.介绍了LaWS系统的应用需求、研制团队及系统结构,分析了激光器、发射装置及控制系统的构成,并由系统参量评估了LaWS系统的作战性能.回顾了LaWS系统已进行的系列演示试验,总结了每次试验暴露的技术问题及采取解决途径.由分析可知,LaWS系统的发射装置采用了天文望远镜的共孔径设计方式;作战光源采用了光纤激光器的非相干合成;在系统集成中,除了少量的定制部件外,广泛采用了工业激光器、惯性测量装置、传感器、视频跟踪器等大量商用器件;LaWS 系统在研制中采用了逐步改进的方式,这些都在一定程度上减少了系统风险和研制成本.最后分析了其下一步的技术发展方向.

Development of ship-based laser weapons system

As the first navy demonstrator of high energy solid-state laser weapon, the laser weapons system (LaWS) of US Navy was deployed on US Ponce warship. Firstly, application goal, development team and system configuration of LaWS were introduced. Laser, transmitting telescope and control system were analyzed in detail. Fighting capability of LaWS was deduced from its system parameters. A series of demonstration tests of LaWS were reviewed. Technical issues exposed in tests and the corresponding solutions were summarized. The analyses show that common aperture design was used in the transmitting telescope of LaWS system; incoherent synthesis of fiber laser was used as light source of combat. In system integration, apart from a small amount of custom parts, a large number of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) were used widely, such as industrial lasers, inertial measurement unit, sensor and video trackers. LaWS system used the progressive improvement in the development to reduce systemic risk and development costs to some extent. Technical development trends of LaWS in the future were analyzed in the end.