高活性、高抗毒性的甲酸燃料电池阳极催化剂

甲酸燃料电池是一种近年发展起来的新型燃料电池,具有极好的商业化前景,但其发展受到很多因素的制约,其中阳极催化剂是影响其性能的关键因素。本文从催化剂的制备方法、催化剂载体和掺杂其他元素等方面介绍了近年来国内外在提高催化剂的活性和抗毒性方面所做的重要研究工作。具体包括:电沉积法、有机溶胶法等重要制备方法,碳纳米管、石墨烯和复合材料作为催化剂载体的研究以及通过掺杂其他元素制备合金催化剂和复合催化剂来提高催化剂活性和抗毒性的相关研究工作。本文还对甲酸燃料电池的发展做了展望。

Highly Active and Highly Poison Tolerant Anodic Catalysts for Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells

Formic acid fuel cell is a kind of fuel cell developed in recent years with promising commercial prospects.However,its development and commercialization are restricted by some factors,in which anodic catalyst is recognized as one of the most important factors.In this paper,some significant researches and attempts of promoting catalytic activity and poison tolerance are introduced,including novel preparation approaches,usage of novel supporting materials,as well as the design of multi-component catalyst by doping hetero elements.Concretely,the researches cover synthetic methods such as electrolytic deposition,organic colloid method,impregnation,study of using carbon nanotubes,graphene and complex materials as supports,and relevant work of adding other elements to prepare alloy catalysts and complex catalysts.Furthermore,the future development of formic acid fuel cell is also prospected.