均相催化剂催化合成碳酸亚丙酯

分别就单组为催化剂和双组分催化剂对二氧化碳与环氧丙烷合成碳酸亚丙酯的催化活性进行了研究。实验结果表明，在单组分催化体系中，相转移催化剂，如十六烷基三甲基漠化按、四丁基演化铵对上述酯化反应具有较高的催化活性此外，盐酸羟胺、三苯基磷也有一定的催化活性；在双组分催化体系中，KI／PEG（聚乙二醇）体系具有很高的催化活性，能在较短时间内、较低的压力下高产率地得到碳酸亚丙酯，而某些金属盐、有机碱、季接盐的适当红合，也能有效地催化该反应。

Synthesis of propylene carbonate in the presence of various homogeneous catalysts

The catalytic activities of single and double component catalysts for synthesizing propylene carbonate ftom carbon dioxide and propylene oxide were studied. The experimental results indicated that among the single component catalysts, phase transfer catalysts such as hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, tetrabutyl ammonium bromide had high catalytic activities. In addition, oxammonium hydrochloride and triphenyl phosphine were also somewhat active. Among the double component catalysts, the combination of potassium iodide and polycthylene glycol showed very high catalytic activity,and propylene carbonate could be produced in high yield under moderate conditions by using the catlayst. Besides, the suitable combination of some metallic salts, organic bases and ammonium salts could also catalyze theieaction. In the catalytic system of KI/PEG, it was suggested that the K+ cations were captured by complexation with the PEG chains. At the same time, the I- with enhanced nucleophilicity were released, this greatly accelerated the catalytic reaction.