Effect of Pendant Group Length Upon Metal Ion Complexation in Acetonitrile by Di-Ionized Calix[4]Arenes Bearing Two Dansyl Fluorophores |
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Authors: | ümmühan Ocak Mira? Ocak Xin Shen Kazimierz Surowiec Richard A Bartsch |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;(2) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey |
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Abstract: | A series of three di-ionizable calix4]arenes with two pendant dansyl (1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulfonyl) groups linked
to the lower rims was synthesized. Structures of the three ligands were identical except for the length of the spacers which
connected the two dansyl groups to the calix4]arene scaffold. Following conversion of the ligands into their di-ionized di(tetramethylammonium)
salts, absorption and emission spectrophotometry were utilized to probe the influence of metal cation (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Ag+, Cd2+, Co2+, Fe2+, Hg2+, Mn2+, Pb2+, Zn2+ and Fe3+) complexation in acetonitrile. Upon complexation with these metal cations, emission spectra underwent marked red shifts and
quenching of the dansyl group fluorescence for the di-ionized ligand with the shortest spacer. A similar effect was noted
for the di-ionized ligand with an intermediate spacer for all of the metal ions, except Ba2+. For the di-ionized ligand with the longest spacer, the metal cations showed different effects on the emission spectrum.
Li+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and Ba2+ caused enhancement of emission intensity with a red shift. Other metal cations produce quenching with red shifts in the emission
spectra. Transition metal cations interacted strongly with all three di-ionized ligands. In particular, Fe3+ and Hg2+ caused greater than 99% quenching of the dansyl fluorescence in the di-ionized ligands. |
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