Effect of Sn concentration on structural and optical properties of zinc oxide nanobelts

We investigated structural and optical properties of Sn-doped ZnO nanobelts with different Sn concentrations. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra showed that the Sn-doped ZnO nanobelts have wurtzite structure at low Sn concentration (<2.1 at%) and over 2.1 at% a part of them starts to have the inverse spinel Zn₂SnO₄ structure phase. In addition, for Sn-doped ZnO nanobelts, the photoluminescence spectra indicate that ultraviolet emission peak appears first a blue shift with the increase of Sn concentration due to Burstein-Moss effect and then exhibits a red shift due to band gap renormalization effect.