Synthesis and study the influence of yttrium doping on band structure,optical, non-linear optical and dielectric results for Ca12Al14O33 (C12A7) single crystals grown using traveling-solvent floating zone (TSFZ) method

Ca₁₂Al₁₄O₃₃ (C12A7) and Y_0.02Ca_11.98Al₁₄O₃₃ (Y-C12A7) single crystals were grown by using the traveling-solvent floating zone (TSFZ) method. The temperature was increased to avoid the bubbles and cracks which may be formed during the preparation of the ingot material. We have started with the flux higher than the normal to avoid the bubbles and make good treatment for the solid-liquid interface. The structures of both Ca₁₂Al₁₄O₃₃ (C12A7) and Y_0.02Ca_11.98Al₁₄O₃₃ (Y-C12A7) were studied by using x-ray diffraction (XRD). Optical properties for C12A7 and Y-C12A7 single crystals have been studied in order to determine the optical parameters such as optical energy gap (E_g), refractive index n, oscillating energy (E_o), dispersion energy (E_d), volume energy loss function (VELF), and surface energy loss function (SELF). Finally, a new result for these samples is that the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility (χ⁽³⁾) was determined. The results have been discussed with effect of Y-doping on the C12A7 single crystals for optical and industrial applications.