陕西省红豆杉资源保护利用现状及对策

陕西省分布的红豆杉包括中国红豆杉(Taxsus.wallichiana Var.chinesis)和南方红豆杉(T.wallichiana Var.mairei)两种,主要分布在秦岭、巴山和关山林区,资源量约有4 500万株,生物量3.8万t.1992年,紫杉醇作为治癌药物上市以后,陕西省红豆杉种植和紫杉醇加工产业发展迅速,全省共有种植企业8家,种植红豆杉514.6 hm2,1 400万株,紫杉醇加工企业8家年加工紫杉醇精品能力170 kg.医药市场对紫杉醇需求的增长,在推动红豆杉人工种植和加工产业发展的同时,给红豆杉资源及其保护带来威胁.必须完善相关法律制度,严格红豆杉采集、培植、经营加工、运输等环节管理,有效保护野生资源.同时要制定产业扶持政策,重点支持红豆杉培植基地发展,逐步实现利用野生资源到利用人工资源的转变.

Assessment of yew conservation and utilization in Shaanxi Province

There are 2 spesies of yew that distributed in Shaanxi province (Taxsus wallichiana Var. chinesis T. wallichiana Var. mairei) ,the main distributing area is in 3 mountain ranges, Qinling , Bashan and Guanshan mountains. From 1992, as Taxol was used as a new anti - cancer medicine, yew culturing and taxol manufacturing are developed quickly. More powerful administration methods must be used to conserve nature yew resources, and to develop yew culturing.