Molecular recognition on supramolecular systems (XXXV)-- Synthesis of novel b-cyclodextrin derivative bearing pyridinio group and its chiral discrimination of amino acids

A novel b-cyclodextrin derivative 4 bearing a pyridinio group on the primary side was synthesized by the reaction of 2-aminopyridine with 6-b-cyclodextrin monoaldehyde 3, and its complexation stability constants with several aliphatic amino acids have been determined in phosphate buffer solution ( pH = 7.2, 0.1 mol·L-1) at 25 ℃ by using spectrofluormetric titrations. The stoichiometry is 1︰1 for the inclusion complexation of amino acids with compound 4. Circular dichroism study indicates that the aromatic moiety was embedded shallowly into the cyclodextrin cavity. As a spectral probe, the pyridinio group in the modified cyclodextrin can recognize not only differences of the size and shape of amino acid molecules, but also the L/D-amino acid chiral isomer. As com-pared with mono-[6-(1-pyridinio)-6-deoxy]-b-cyclodextrin 5, compound 4 switched the enantiomer preference for L- to D-isomer, and showed the highest enantioselectivity of 5.4 for D/L-serine. The-se results are discussed from the viewpoints of geometric compensation, induced-fit concept and cooperation of several weak interactions.